What is an example of a ball-and-socket joint in the human body?

The shoulder joint is a prime example of a ball-and-socket joint in the human body, which is characterized by a spherical head of one bone fitting into a rounded cavity of another bone. This design allows for a wide range of motion in multiple directions. In the case of the shoulder, the humeral head (the ball) fits into the glenoid cavity of the scapula (the socket), enabling the arm to move in various planes, including flexion, extension, rotation, abduction, and adduction.

While the hip joint is also a ball-and-socket joint, it is not the answer in this context. The hip joint similarly allows for extensive movement and stability, but the context of the question may have been focused on the shoulder due to its greater mobility and the variety of movements typically associated with upper limb activity. The knee and elbow joints, on the other hand, are hinge joints, primarily allowing flexion and extension, and do not possess the same freedom of movement as ball-and-socket joints. Thus, the shoulder joint exemplifies the functional capabilities of ball-and-socket joints in the human body.