What does internal rotation at the shoulder and hip joint entail?

Internal rotation at the shoulder and hip joint involves rotating the articulating bone towards the midline of the body. In the context of the shoulder, for example, when the arm is at the side and the forearm is moved towards the torso, this is classified as internal rotation. At the hip joint, internal rotation similarly refers to the movement of the thigh toward the center of the body.

Understanding this movement is crucial in anatomy and functional training as it plays significant roles in various activities and sports. Proper identification of internal rotation distinguishes it from external rotation, where the bone is moved away from the midline. This concept is fundamental in both assessing joint function and designing exercise programs, ensuring movements incorporate the full range of motion effectively.